Safflower Bud Fly: Acanthiophilus helianthi (Tephritidae: Diptera) || KHETI KA HISAB ||

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Safflower Bud Fly: Acanthiophilus helianthi (Tephritidae: Diptera) 

Distribution and current situation:

In India, Delhi, Uttar Pradesh, Haryana, and Madhya Pradesh have all recorded cases of this pest.

Bionomics

  The maggots that feed on flower buds are destructive and when full-grown they are 5 mm long.  The Ash-colored adult flies with light brown legs. From March to May, the adults are active. Within the flower buds or the blooms, the females lay their eggs in clusters of 6 to 24. In April, the eggs hatch in about a day, and the newborn maggots begin to eat the florets and the thalamus. They reach their full size of 5 x 1.5 mm after one week of growth. Within the buds, they pupate. Seven days make up the pupal stage. The holes the maggots make before they pupate are used by the adults to exit the bud. A crop season results in the completion of three generations.

Damage symptoms 

The damage is brought on by the maggots that eat the floral components, including the thalamus. The infected buds start to decay, and an unpleasant-smelling liquid pours out of the apices, giving the buds a drenched appearance. Safflower seed production is decreased as a result of the infestation.

Management

·         Early on, remove and kill the infected buds.

·         Predator Chrysopa virgestes, as well as the larval parasitoids Ormyrus sp. (Ormyridae), Eurytoma sp. (Eurytomidae), Pachyneuron muscarum (Braconidae), and Eurytoma sp (Chrysopidae)

 

 

                                       

 

 

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