Whitefly: Bemisia tabaci (Aleyrodidae: Hemiptera) || KHETI KA HISAB ||

-

 


Whitefly: Bemisia tabaci (Aleyrodidae: Hemiptera) 

Distribution and status: India, Sri Lanka, Nigeria, Congo, West Africa, Japan and Europe

Host range: Cotton, tomato, tobacco, sweet potato, cassava, cabbage, cauliflower, melon, brinjal and bhendi.

Damage symptoms: Adults and nymphs both ingest the sap that is found on the underside of leaves. A severe infection causes early defoliation, sooty mould growth, bud and boll loss, and poor boll opening. Additionally, it spreads the cotton disease known as leaf curl virus. The bug has many biotypes and is quite polyphagous. 

ETL: 5-10 nymphs / leaf

Bionomics: Adults are little insects with a yellow body and a white waxy bloom on top. Laying eggs occurs on leaves. The egg cycle lasts three days. The contour of the nymph is oval and greenish yellow, and puparia can be seen on the underside of the leaves. In summer, the nymphal stage is 5-33 days; in winter, it is 17-73 days. 

Management

Ø Utilize varieties resistant to white flies such as LK 861, Amravathi, Kanchan, Supriya, and LPS 141.

Ø Use Imidacloprid 48 FS 500-900 ml or Imidacloprid 70 WS 500-1000 g to treat 100 kg of seeds. either Thiamethoxam 70 WS 430 g or Thiamethoxam 30 FS 1.0 L

Ø Avoid late planting and plant seeds according to the appropriate spacing, ideally one that is broader.

Ø Avoid growing the alternative whitefly host crops (tobacco, tomato, brinjal, and bhendi) close to the cotton crop.

Ø In any cotton tract, cotton should only be grown once a year, either in the winter or summer.

Ø Rotate your crops to include non-preferred hosts like sorghum, ragi, maize, etc. to prevent the pest from getting out of control.

Ø Remove and eradicate alternative weed hosts from the fields and surrounding regions, such as Solanum nigrum and Abutilon indicum.

Ø To stop the excessive vegetative growth and insect development, use wise irrigation management and nitrogenous fertiliser applications.

Ø By erecting yellow pan traps and sticky traps at a height of one foot, you can keep an eye on the behaviour of adult whiteflies. Additionally, keep track of with on-site counts

Ø Gather and destroy any leaves that have been shed as a result of a pest infestation or that have been infected with whiteflies.

Ø Spray NSKE 5% and neem oil 5 ml or fish oil rosin soap at 1 kg / 40 L of water (or) in combination with recommended dose of insecticide (2 ml/L).

Ø To prevent the issue of whiteflies, the use of synthetic pyrethroids should be prohibited or limited to 2-3 sprays on cotton.

Ø Steer clear of repeatedly spraying artificial pyrethroids.

Ø Use 500 L of water per hectare to squirt any of the following pesticides. 

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

Red cotton bug: Dysdercus cingulatus (Pyrrhocoridae: Hemiptera) || KHETI KA HISAB ||

-
Image
  Red cotton bug:  Dysdercus cingulatus  (Pyrrhocoridae: Hemiptera)   Distribution and status:  Tropical Africa, Tropical Asia, Australia, the United States, Central and South America, India, and Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Bombay, and Andhra Pradesh. At crop maturity, a common pest. Host Plants:  Silk cotton, maize, hollyhocks, pearl millet, bhendi, clover, and sorghum.  Damage symptoms:  Both nymphs and adults are responsible for the damage since they discolour the lint and suck up plant and boll sap. As a result, they are also known as cotton boll stains. The bugs tend to gather in large groups. Attacked seeds become less viable. Nematospora gossypii enters the wound site and discolours the fibre. Bionomics:  The adult is an insect with ventral white stripes on its abdomen that is red and black. In the earth, the eggs are placed in irregular heaps. The bug has a fecundity between 100 and 130. 4- to 7-day egg period. Six instars are req...
Read more

Importance and Scope of Horticulture in India || KHETI KA HISAB ||

-
Image
Importance and Scope of Horticulture in India Horticulture holds a significant place in India due to its vast potential to contribute to the agricultural economy, rural development, food security, and environmental sustainability. India, with its diverse climate and topography, is well-suited for a wide variety of horticultural crops, ranging from fruits, vegetables, and flowers to spices, medicinal plants, and aromatic crops. Importance of Horticulture in India 1.      Economic Contribution : o     Horticulture plays a major role in the agricultural economy of India, contributing around 30-35% of the total agricultural GDP. o     The sector provides employment to millions, including small and marginal farmers, and contributes to the income of rural households. Horticultural crops require less land and offer higher returns than traditional field crops. o     India is one of the largest producers of fruits and...
Read more

PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS (PGRS)

-
  PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS (PGRS) Plant growth regulators (PGRs) are naturally occurring chemicals that govern several aspects of plant growth and development. They are sometimes referred to as phytohormones or plant hormones. They are essential to several activities, including the germination of seeds, the development of roots, blooming, ripening of fruit, and reactions to external stimuli. The following describes several important regulators of plant growth: 1. Auxins: Ø Function: Promote fruit growth, apical dominance, root initiation, and cell elongation. Ø Natural Sources: The main natural auxin is indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). Ø Auxins from synthetic sources, such as naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), are extensively utilized in agriculture. 2. Gibberellins (GAs): Ø Encourage blooming, seed germination, and stem elongation as its functions. Ø Natural Sources: One frequent naturally occurring gibberellin is gibberellic acid (GA3). ...
Read more